Gray Leaf Spot is a common disease found on lawns at this time of year and into early summer, typically on St. Augustine grasses but it can be found on fescue, bermudagrass, centipedegrass and ryegrass as well. It is caused by a fungus in areas experiencing long periods of prolonged moisture and high temperatures.

Under the above-mentioned conditions, the leaf spots will appear on the blades as small brownish colored spots with a purple to dark brown border. If left unchecked, the spots will grow larger and become diamond shaped. In later stages, lesions will develop on the stems causing the leaves to wither. As a result, the grass may take on a gold, scorched appearance.

Catching the onset of gray leaf spot is key in keeping the quick spreading disease under control. Spores are easily carried by wind, foot traffic, splashing rain or watering from irrigation systems and animals.

Following some basic practices will assist in managing the disease. When fertilizing, avoid soluble nitrogen fertilizers, especially in shaded areas. Water only in the morning, avoiding late afternoons and evenings which do not allow for necessary drying. Remove any grass clippings when mowing. If using fungicide, repeated applications will be necessary.

Nutsedge and kyllinga are perennial weeds that grow from underground rhizomes and possibly tubers. Both belong to the sedge family and emerge in late spring to early summer as temperatures rise and remain until first frost.

Although there are many varieties in the sedge family, the most common found in east Texas are yellow nutsedge, purple nutsedge and green kyllinga. The yellow and purple nutsedge names reflect the color of the seedheads in adult plants but are rarely seen in well-mown lawns. Kyllingas are much smaller and grow well in grasses cut low to the ground. They can be recognized by their round, dense seedheads.

The existence of sedge in a lawn often designates excessive moisture in the soil and needs to be addressed in managing these weeds. Of the three types, green kyllinga is usually the most difficult to control. Since the sedge is competing with an existing lawn for space, long term management will involve resolving any undue moisture issues where possible.